Characteristics of Audible Alarms

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Since the standardization and upward trend of audible alarms in medical devices in 2003, these machines have saved many lives within intensive care units and emergency rooms. The addition of these alarms has notified nurses and doctors of the condition of the patient when they are out of the room. There are several characteristics of audible alarms within therapeutic devices set forth by international standard IEC 60601-1-8.

The IEC 60601-1-8 Requirement

The IEC 60601-1-8 specification requires medical devices to have an individual sound pulse with a frequency between 150 and 1,000 Hz. Also, there must at least four harmonic tones between 300 and 4,000 Hz. To the human ear, the sounds of all five requirements blended together would sound like four diverse musical notes playing simultaneously. An additional requirement is the sound level of the harmonic tones need to be within +15dB and -15dB of the main frequency.

Other Alarms

In addition to the above requirement, the specification allows medical device manufacturers to provide more than warning alarm sounds. This means medical devices would simply play a musical melody as opposed to constantly beeping. Different musical sequences are used for different medical issues. By utilizing dissimilar alarms for different conditions, it is hoped the medical staff will familiarize themselves with the sounds and be instantly prepared based on the melody.

Alarm Level Requirements

The IEC 60601-1-8 standard simply has basic requirements as to the loudness of the alarm with the only requisite being the highest priority condition being the loudest. A common recommendation is to have 3 to 6 dB levels between each priority alarm. The human ear can only recognize a pitch difference of 3dB levels and above. In general, there must be a small range between the highest and lowest priority alarm melodies so as to not distract others but be able to be informed of low conditions.

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Is There Anything Sound Waves Can’t Do?

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Sound waves are an incredible thing.  For one thing, they can be used to tell the police when someone is speeding (which might not be convenient if you happen to be the speeder, but it is nonetheless impressive), diagnose just about any kind of illness a person might have, and even take care of malignant growths inside of an internal organ.  These are the kinds of things that one would simply never suspect that the humble sound wave might be capable of doing.  For the most part, we typically just assume that sound waves let us hear things, and leave it at that rather cursory level of accomplishment.  But sound waves can do a whole lot more than just identify the basic goings on in the outside world.

Ultrasound technology has been in existence for decades, but seems to grow more effective with each passing year.  With an ultrasound device known as Doppler ultrasound, these extremely high frequency sound waves can pick up what is going on inside of your body at the very moment that it is happening.  Rather like a cop with a radar gun, this fantastic piece of equipment can tell a trained physician or technician how quickly blood is moving through your system.  This information can be in three dimensions, show the actual movement of the blood (and the organs that move the blood around), and whether anything suspicious or potentially dangerous exists (such as a blockage, blood vessel narrowing or malformed object like a tumor or congenital defect).

Sound waves can even allow a previously barbaric process of removing malignant (cancerous) cells from the walls of a man’s prostate to be elevated into the modern age.  If you are a man whose prostate is under threat, the notion of your own cells threatening your masculine power is scary enough – but the idea of a doctor shoving a metal tool in there and scraping off those cells could be a nightmare.  A better method actually uses extremely high frequency sound waves to essentially liquify (or cavitate) the cells into getting out of there.  Yay sound.